Keywords:nyliberale ideer, finanskrise, Island, deregulering
- English version
- *IDUNN_NORWEGIAN_VERSION*
- Du har tilgang til Idunn gjennom , & {{sessionPartyGroup.name}}
Ikke pålogget
{{session.user.firstName}} {{session.user.lastName}}
Du har tilgang til Idunn gjennom
, & {{sessionPartyGroup.name}}
Redaksjonelt
Vitenskapelig publikasjon
(side 5-29)
av Terje Solberg og Jostein Vik
Denne artikkelen forklarer den drastiske endringen i økonomisk politikk på Island i de to tiårene forut for finanskrisen i 2008, som bidro til at Island ble så hardt rammet av finanskrisen ...
SammendragEngelsk sammendragKeywords:nyliberale ideer, finanskrise, Island, deregulering
Behind the financial crisis – the neoliberal ideas and the financial deregulation of Iceland
This article explains the significant shift in economic policy that occurred in Iceland in the twenty years prior to the financial crisis in 2008. Using Iceland as a case study, we highlight the relationships between economic ideas, policy and financial crisis in the country. First, we point to the relationship between past economic problems and neoliberal ideas, arguing that specific economic circumstances shaped the ideas of politicians. Second, we argue that political and institutional circumstances, such as the balance of power between the political parties and the trade unions’ acceptance of neoliberal policy solutions, were favourable for neoliberal ideas influencing economic policy in Iceland. Third, by looking at the process of historical learning in Iceland, we argue that a clear picture of the state as the main problem in economic policy was established around 1990, opening for a neoliberal worldview among politicians and voters, and significant changes in economic policy. In analysing the relationship between ideas, policy and crisis, we have sought to develop a deeper understanding of the current financial crisis in Iceland.Keywords:
Neoliberal Ideas, Financial Liberalization, Economic Policy Paradigm, Financial Crisis, Iceland
Vitenskapelig publikasjon
(side 30-59)
av Anders Todal Jenssen og Åshild Male Kalstø
Et sentralt argument innen teorien om økonomisk stemmegivning, er at regjeringer blir belønnet med gjenvalg når økonomien utvikler seg positivt og straffes når økonomien utvikler seg negativt. Utfallet av de ...
SammendragEngelsk sammendragKeywords:økonomisk stemmegiving, sosiotropisk velger, medienes dagsorden, økonomiske forventninger
Did the financial crisis save the red-green Government in the 2009 election? The dissatisfaction of rising expectations superseded by a grace period
According to much on the voluminous literature on economic voting, governments are rewarded or punished for their economic policies as a consequence of economic changes. Economic problems decrease the chance of re-election, whereas god times increases the incumbent’s chances. The last three national elections in Norway give evidence to the contrary. In the 2001 and 2005 elections all economic indicators pointed upwards, but the governments were nevertheless voted out of office. The international financial crisis shattered the Norwegian economy, but the government was re-elected. We argue that this must be explained by introducing two new factors into the economic voting argument: the role of the media and the role of popular expectations. According to the sociotropic voter argument, voters assess the national economy rather than their personal economy, when they make their vote choice. The sociotropic voters have few other sources of information to build on, but the media. In a complex economy, the voter’s personal experience is of little relevance when it comes to assessing the government’s economic policies. The media also form people’s expectations. In 2001 and 2005 expectations exceeded the economic output, whereas in 2009, the public’s expectations were well below the government’s ability to deliver, creating a rare grace period for the governing parties. A content analysis demonstrates that the financial crisis dominated the media agenda for more than three months, and that the tone in the coverage was positive towards the government during this period. A significant change in party support in this period is demonstrated through ARIMA-modelling of a time series based on opinion polls.Keywords:
economic voting, sociotropic voter, media agenda, economic expectations
Vitenskapelig publikasjon
(side 60-80)
av Sondre Båtstrand
Selv om kvinner og menn har de samme politiske rettighetene, og kvinner utgjør en knapp majoritet av befolkningen, er likevel parlamentene dominert av menn. I denne artikkelen ser jeg nærmere ...
SammendragEngelsk sammendragKeywords:Likestilling, kjønn, parlamenter
On gender balance in European parliaments
Even though most nations are populated by slightly more women than men, their parliaments are dominated by men. In this article, I look into why this is still the case while women and men now have the same political rights. Queer theory considers gender not to be a natural fact, but an ongoing construction between human beings. How this construction is performed in a country, is of great importance for its parliament’s gender balance. The dominance in certain countries of traditional and rigid views on gender roles function as a barrier towards women in politics. I measure gender roles by way of surveys that map the populations' gendered attitudes towards sexuality, work and family. The analysis shows that the various gender balances in 30 European parliaments can be explained to a certain degree by national gender roles modified by factors in the political system. These factors are related to the openness of the political opportunity structure in the actual country, and include party system and electoral system.Key-words:
parliaments; gender; Europe; feminism; political science
Bokanmeldelse
(side 81-84)
av Merethe Dotterud Leiren
Flernivåstyring av matpolitikk